Stability and Change

1 Introduction. - Why Study Change in Rural Schools?. - The Federal Role in Education. - Basic Premises of the Rural Experimental Schools Program. - The Research Context. - Research Themes and Issues. - Overview of this Volume. - 2 The Research Context. - Elements of the Rational Approach to Change: The Stages of Change. - Elements of the Natural-Systems Approach to the Study of Change: The Systems Framework. - System Linkage and the Systems Framework. - 3 Methodology And Research Procedures. - The Context of the Study. - General Approach to Data Collection. - Strategies for Measurement and Analysis. - 4 On The Brink Of Change: The Federal Level And The Local Level. - Assumptions Underlying the Experimental Schools Program. - The Ten Rural School Districts and Their Readiness for Change. - 5 The Beginning Of Change: The Planning Year. - Federal Expectations for the Planning Period. - The Products of the Planning Process: An Overview of the ES Program. - The Assessment of Effective Initiation. - Whose Plan?. - 6 The Implementation Of Planned Change In Schools. - Measures of Implementation at the School Level. - A Descriptive Analysis of the Scope of Implementation in Schools. - Variations in Implementation within Districts. - Social System Characteristics: The Variables and Their Measures. - The Effect of System Characteristics on Implementation. - 7 Further Exploration Of Implementation In Schools. - Comparing the Contributions of Structure Culture and Input Variables to School Change. - Explaining Joint Contributions of Structure Culture and Input. - How Does the Structuring of Authority Affect Implementation?. - How Does System Linkage Affect School Implementation?. - Conclusions. - 8 Comprehensive Change At The District Level. - Measuring Implementation at the District Level. - How Comprehensive WasImplementation?. - Factors Related to Implementation. - Conclusions. - 9 The Continuation Of Change. - Our Approach to Investigating Continuation. - Factors Affecting the Outcomes of Change. - 10 Conclusions And Implications. - Contributions to a Theory of Change in Organizational Settings. - Implications for the Design and Management of Educational Change Programs. - References. - Appendix A Site-By-Site Descriptions Of The Ten Es Projects As Implemented And Continued. - Appendix B Instruments. - Appendix C Correlation Matrix Of Independent Variables. - Author Index. Language: English